CDC Adopts New Repellent Guidance for Upcoming Mosquito Season
( CDC採用新的驅蟲指導即將到來的蚊子季節)
Americans have more options than ever to use in protecting themselves from mosquito bites. Today, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released new guidance about effective mosquito repellents available in the United States. The updated guidance includes addition of two active ingredients – picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus – which have been shown to offer long-lasting protection against mosquito bites. Repellents containing DEET continue to be a highly effective repellent option and are also included in the CDC guidelines.
美國人有更多選擇用於保護自己免受蚊蟲叮咬。 今天，疾病控制和預防中心（CDC）發布了關於美國有效驅蚊劑的新指南。更新後的指導包括添加兩種活性成分 – picaridin和檸檬桉樹油 – 已被證明可以提供長期保護，防止蚊蟲叮咬。含有DEET的驅蟲劑仍然是一種非常有效的驅蟲劑選擇，也包含在CDC指南中。
Picaridin, also known as KBR 3023, is an ingredient found in many mosquito repellents used in Europe, Australia, Latin America and Asia for some time. Evidence indicates that it works very well, often comparable with DEET products of similar concentration. One product, containing 7 percent picaridin, is being distributed in the United States for the first time this year. The other repellent is oil of lemon eucalyptus (also known as p-menthane 3,8-diol or PMD), a plant-based mosquito repellent that provided protection time similar to low concentration DEET products in two recent studies. It is available in a variety of formulations throughout the United States.
Picaridin，也稱為KBR 3023，是歐洲，澳大利亞，拉丁美洲和亞洲使用的許多驅蚊劑中的一種成分。證據表明它非常有效，通常可與具有相似濃度的DEET產品相媲美。其中一種產品含有7％的picaridin，今年首次在美國銷售。 另一種驅蟲劑是檸檬桉油（也稱為對薄荷烷3,8-二醇或PMD），這是一種基於植物的驅蚊劑，在最近的兩項研究中提供了類似於低濃度DEET產品的保護時間。 在美國各地都有用PMD製造各種配方。
“We’re very excited that the number of options people have to protect themselves from mosquitoes and therefore West Nile Virus has increased,” said CDC Director Julie L. Gerberding. “Products containing DEET, picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus are all excellent choices. The important thing is that they remember to protect themselves from mosquito bites when they’re going to be outside. We want people to enjoy their spring and summer free of West Nile Virus.
“我們非常興奮的是，人們必須保護自己免受蚊子侵害的選擇，因此西尼羅河病毒已經增加，“CDC主任Julie L. Gerberding說道。含有DEET，picaridin和檸檬桉油的產品都是絕佳的選擇。重要的是，當他們要去外面時，他們記得保護自己免受蚊蟲叮咬。 我們希望人們能夠享受西尼羅河病毒的春夏季節。“
Mosquito season has already begun in some parts of the country. With mosquitoes comes the risk of West Nile Virus infection and other infections spread by mosquitoes. Just one bite can lead to an infection that could cause serious illness or even death. While people over 50 are more likely to become seriously ill if infected with WNV, people of any age can become mildly to seriously ill. Most people who contract West Nile Virus do not show any symptoms. However, about 20 percent of people experience symptoms such as fever, headache, nausea and vomiting and an estimated 1 in 150 people infected with WNV will develop severe illness. The severe symptoms can include high fever, stupor, disorientation, coma, tremors, convulsions, muscle weakness, vision loss and paralysis.
蚊子季節已經開始在該國的一些地區。 隨著蚊子的出現，西尼羅河病毒(WNV)感染的風險和蚊子傳播的其他感染。只咬一口就可能導致感染，可能導致嚴重疾病甚至死亡。 如果感染了WNV，50歲以上的人更容易患重病，任何年齡的人都可能患上輕度病。 大多數感染西尼羅河病毒的人都沒有出現任何症狀。 然而，大約20％的人會出現發燒，頭痛，噁心和嘔吐等症狀，估計每150人中有1人感染WNV會患上嚴重的疾病。嚴重的症狀包括高燒，昏迷，定向障礙，昏迷，震顫，抽搐，肌肉無力，視力減退和癱瘓。
DEET, picaridin and oil of lemon eucalyptus are all registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, which regulates these products. Repellents registered with EPA have been evaluated for both safety and efficacy when used according to label instructions.
DEET，picaridin和檸檬桉樹油都在美國環境保護局註冊，美國環境保護局負責管理這些產品。 根據標籤說明使用EPA註冊的驅蟲劑已經過安全性和有效性評估。
CDC recommends that people use repellent anytime they go outside, especially during prime mosquito biting hours, between dusk and dawn. People should follow the label instructions, and if they start getting bitten re-apply repellent.
疾病預防控制中心建議人們在外出時隨時使用驅蟲劑，特別是在黃昏和黎明之間的黃金時段。 人們應該遵循標籤說明，如果他們開始被咬傷重新塗抹驅蚊劑。
CDC works with state and local health departments, federal and other government agencies, as well as private industry, to prepare for and prevent new cases of West Nile virus infection. CDC coordinates ArboNet, a nation-wide electronic database that gathers information about West Nile virus in humans and animals, in order to guide prevention and response activities. To learn more about how to protect yourself and your family from West Nile Virus, please visit www.cdc.gov/westnile. More information on the guidance is available at http://www.cdc.gov/ncid…/dvbid/westnile/RepellentUpdates.htm.
CDC與州和地方衛生部門，聯邦和其他政府機構以及私營企業合作，為西尼羅河病毒感染的新病例做準備和預防。 CDC協調ArboNet，這是一個全國性的電子數據庫，收集人類和動物的西尼羅河病毒信息，以指導預防和應對活動。
文章出處：https://www.treehugger.com/…/cdc-confirms-lemon-eucalyptus-…